بررسی رمان خانه ارواح اثر ایزابل آلنده به عنوان فراداستان تاریخ‌نگارانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار ادبیات انگلیسی دانشگاه گلستان

2 گروه زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی دانشگاه گلستان

3 دانشجو دکترای ادبیات انگلیسی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران

چکیده

فراداستان تاریخ نگارانه یکی از نمودهای سبک نگارش پسامدرنی و از عالی‌ترین نمونه‌هایی است که بدون ادعایی مبنی بر ارائه تصویری از واقعیت، نظر خواننده را به ساختگی بودن خود جلب کرده و بدین ترتیب صحت وقایع تاریخی را به چالش می‌کشد و تاریخ را به گونه‌ای متفاوت از آنچه روی داده، نمایش می‌دهد. این پژوهش رمان خانه ارواح اثر ایزابل آلنده را بر اساس نظریات لیندا هاچن در رابطه با فراداستان تاریخ نگارانه مورد بررسی قرار داده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که آلنده با استفاده از روش‌هایی چون جعل تاریخ، بینامتنیت، پاردوی و آیرونی، به بازنویسی تاریخ کشور شیلی در قرن بیستم، بخصوص حوادث دوره ریاست جمهوری سالوادور آلنده و کودتای 1973 می پردازد. در واقع این اثر یک نمونه از روایت های فراداستانی تاریخ نگارانه می باشد که تاکید بر ساختگی بودن خود داشته و تلاش دارد تا به خواننده بقبولاند که حوادث و وقایع اندکی متفاوت از آنچه در تاریخ روی داده می باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

An Analysis of The House of the Spirits by Isabel Allende as a Historiographic Metafiction

نویسندگان [English]

  • abdolbaghi rezaei talarposhti 1
  • Behzad Pourgharib 2
  • Ahmad Reza Rahimi 3
1 assistant prof. of Literature, Golestan University
2 Assistant Professor, Department of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran.
3 Ph. D Candidate in English literature, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran
چکیده [English]

Historiographic metafiction, as one of the postmodern writing styles, reminds the readers of its being fictional as it does not claim of any representation of reality and thus it challenges the historical truth. In fact it presents history in a slightly different manner than how it actually happened or conceived. Linda Hutcheon, the Canadian critic, as one of the most significant postmodern theoreticians, defined hysterographic metafiction as works which use historical background while having some postmodern techniques. This study applies her theory to The House of the Spirits by Isabel Allende. Using techniques such as intertextuality, parody and irony, Allende has rewritten turbulent Chilean history in the twentieth century and especially the events before, during and after President Salvador Allende’s time in office and the 1973 coup. Meanwhile she casts a doubt on the truth of some historical events, which establishes the work as a historiographic metafiction rather than a purely magic realistic text.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Historiographic Metafiction
  • Intertexuality
  • Lind Hutcheon
  • Isabel Allende
  • The House of the Spirits
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