abdolbaghi rezaei talarposhti; Behzad Pourgharib; Ahmad Reza Rahimi
Abstract
Historiographic metafiction, as one of the postmodern writing styles, reminds the readers of its being fictional as it does not claim of any representation of reality and thus it challenges the historical truth. In fact it presents history in a slightly different manner than how it actually happened ...
Read More
Historiographic metafiction, as one of the postmodern writing styles, reminds the readers of its being fictional as it does not claim of any representation of reality and thus it challenges the historical truth. In fact it presents history in a slightly different manner than how it actually happened or conceived. Linda Hutcheon, the Canadian critic, as one of the most significant postmodern theoreticians, defined hysterographic metafiction as works which use historical background while having some postmodern techniques. This study applies her theory to The House of the Spirits by Isabel Allende. Using techniques such as intertextuality, parody and irony, Allende has rewritten turbulent Chilean history in the twentieth century and especially the events before, during and after President Salvador Allende’s time in office and the 1973 coup. Meanwhile she casts a doubt on the truth of some historical events, which establishes the work as a historiographic metafiction rather than a purely magic realistic text.
abdolbaghi rezaei talarposhti; Behzad Pourgharib
Abstract
From philosophy and politics to literary criticism, György Lukács paved the ground for the notion of "class consciousness."In the realm of comprehending the idea of "consciousness," there are genuine and false genres, making it impossible to grasp it precisely. However, the literature gives ...
Read More
From philosophy and politics to literary criticism, György Lukács paved the ground for the notion of "class consciousness."In the realm of comprehending the idea of "consciousness," there are genuine and false genres, making it impossible to grasp it precisely. However, the literature gives a more accurate knowledge of this category by offering objective instances based on lived experience. To explain this subject, two tales were chosen. In these stories, one may find indications of class consciousness in the lives of the main characters in a metaphorical sense. The stories analyzed in this paper are two revolutionary stories in which the main characters clearly show the emergence of class consciousness with numerous components. The research approach is formal and comparative, with a dialectical conceptual framework. The findings demonstrate that "Barat" in the Moghan Conquest and "Bartleby" in "A Wall Street Story" are not only socially engaged individuals, but also participate in the process of becoming conscious. The protagonist of Golshiri's story is in the process of both generating and destroying consciousness, whereas Melville's topic is in the process of establishing a unique consciousness from a fresh perspective. "Barat" views the birth of awareness as a political revolution, but this consciousness stays in the unproductive realm, which "Bartleby" views as the basis for the relations of capitalist production. The similarity between the two lies in the belief that the consciousness of the individual extends to the collective.
abdolbaghi rezaei talarposhti; fahimeh hokmabadi; Behzad Pourgharib
Abstract
پسامدرنیسم به عنوان یک مکتب ادبی همواره با مضامینی همچون ابهام، پیچیدگی و عدم قطعیت شناخته می‌شود. از جمله این مفاهیم می‌توان به وانمایی و فراواقعیت اشاره کرد؛ مفاهیمی ...
Read More
پسامدرنیسم به عنوان یک مکتب ادبی همواره با مضامینی همچون ابهام، پیچیدگی و عدم قطعیت شناخته می‌شود. از جمله این مفاهیم می‌توان به وانمایی و فراواقعیت اشاره کرد؛ مفاهیمی متعلق به ژان بودریار، فیلسوف و نظریهپرداز معاصر فرانسوی که از آثار وی در ابعاد مختلف پسامدرنیسم استفاده میگردد. از دیدگاه بودریار، امروزه واقعیت جایگاه حقیقی خود را از دست داده و به واسطهی مفهوم وانمایی و سیطرهی آن بر تمامی ابعاد زندگی بشر به فراواقعیت بدل شدهاست. از طرفی بودریار مدعی است این مفاهیم متأثر از سلطهی روزافزون رسانههای جمعی و تکنولوژی پیشرفته منجر به ظهور وضعیت پسامدرن شدهاند. وی نمونه بارز چنین وضعیتی را جامعهی آمریکا میداند، جامعهای که آن را مصرفگرا نیز نامیده است. رمان برفک اثرنویسندهی معاصر آمریکایی، دان دلیلو، وضعیت پسامدرن حاکم بر جامعهی آمریکا را به خوبی به تصویر کشیده است. لذا این مقاله ضمن تشریح آرای بودریار در بستر فضای پسامدرن رمان، حقیقت گمشده عصر حاضر را ناشی از تسلط فرهنگ مصرفگرایی و گسترش وسایل ارتباط جمعی میداند.