نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• آزاده حکمی
• علی عباسی

دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

جغرافیای ادبی ادبیات را محور اصلی قرار می‌دهد و جغرافیا و مکان‌های ادبی را در ارتباط با هم بررسی می‌کند. این جنبه نقد مضمونی و جغرافیای ادبی با رویکرد کولو می‌کوشد رابطه بین ذهن نویسنده و ذهن خواننده را بررسی کند؛ زیرا معتقد است بیرون درون را روایت می‌کند. در این پژوهش از نظرات کولو بهره گرفته‌ایم تا شاهد استحاله شهر باشیم که توانایی تغییر زندگی قهرمان داستان را دارد. در واقع این متد معتقد است که بررسی جغرافیای متن، دسترسی و درک جهان متن را ساده می‌کند، ولی در انتها خواهیم دید علاوه بر این، شهر همتای قهرمان حضور فعال دارد، این جغرافیاست که داستان را به سمت گره گشایی پیش می‌برد و حل گره داستان بدون تغییر جغرافیایی ناممکن است. لوی در این کتاب داستان زندگی دختری را به تصویر می‌کشد که پدرش او را از مردی که دوست می‌داشته، جدا کرده و هم او، بیست سال بعد موجب به‌هم رسیدن دو دلداده می‌شود. وصال، دقیقا از همان مسیری میسر است که فراق در آن رخ داده است. در واقع سیر داستان و گره‌گشایی آن بسیار وامدار مکان است. تکامل درست از همان مسیر تخریب امکان‌پذیر است. در این پژوهش همچنین به بررسی نقشه نگاری و جغرافیای زیسته قهرمان خواهیم پرداخت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• جغرافیای ادبی
• میشل کولو
• مارک لوی
• جغرافیای زیسته قهرمان
• نقشه‌نگاری

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of “All those things we didn’t say to each other” according to literary geography and cartography

نویسندگان [English]

• Azadeh HAKAMI
• Ali Abbassi

Shahid Beheshti University

چکیده [English]

Introduction
Literary geography examines geography and literary places in relation to each other. This aspect of thematic criticism tries to examine the relationship between the writer's&the reader's mind with Collot's approach; He believes that the outside narrates the inside. In this research, we used Collot's comments to witness the transformation of the city, which has the ability to change the life of the personage. This method believes that hero's counterpart city has an active presence, it is the geography that moves the story towards unraveling the knot Story is impossible without geographical change. In this research, we’ll also examine the cartography&geography of the hero's life.
Background of the study
The emergence of the theory of geographical criticism was due to Westphal. Later, Collot changed the direction of literary geography as a branch of geographical criticism towards fantasy&lived experience. The landscape is one of the areas he’s interested in.
Although geography has attracted the attention of writers since the 19th century, scientific studies of literary criticism which have roots in the research of Bachelard, have been continued by Richard, Poulet and others. Moretti, Brosseau&Ferré are contemporary critics who work on this.
Methodology
Collot emphasizes a certain convergence between literature&geography: geographers find in literature the best descriptions of the emotional&symbolic relations that unite humans with environment/space&literature. It examines the hero's relationship with the place. Collot believes that there is a direct relationship between the inside, the outside&the inner state of the character is in harmony with the outside environment. The parts of triangle theory are me, the world&the word. He believes that the description of each of these three will help to describe the others.
Literary geography emphasizing the space described in literature, is a suitable platform for analyzing a newer aspect of texts that can be useful for literary studies&sociology of literature. The landscape can actually be the place of exchange of human&object states, body&soul states.
Cartography is actually a tool to discover&analyze a specific geography in literature&in this article it is used to complete the review.
Conclusion
Montreal is supposed to be a gateway to a new world for the bride&groom. Although the wedding has been canceled, Julia has come to this city with her father, where a door to a new part of life opens for her; she finds out that the man she loved is still alive. Twenty years ago, Julia, as a young student, went to Paris to continue her studies, but the events in Germany brought her to Berlin; where she meets the greatest love of his life, but Julia's father comes&forcibly returns her to New York. Twenty years later, to make up his behavior, the father tries to bring two lovers together. The route back to Berlin is exactly the same as twenty years ago; As if in order to rebuild or reconnect, you have to go back to the exact point where everything was broken. New York is always the starting point of a trip where many achievements are made. Hero doesn’t go directly from Montreal to Paris. The two first return to New York. In this book, for every task, to solve every problem, you have to go back to the beginning&the roots. Repeating the same route has another similarity with the first trip; In the first time, Julia witnesses an external revolution. In the second time, the revolution takes place within her. The first time, the wall that encloses people in East&West Germany collapses. The second one, the wall of separation between Julia&Thomas is destroyed, so the connection takes place.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Litterary geography
• Michel Collot
• Marc Levy
• The lived geography of the hero
• Cartography